Why are IIR Filters designed in the Filter Design Toolbox more stable than those in the Signal Processing Toolbox?

Wyatt asked: 2021-03-24 matlab , signal , signal processing ,

Explore why IIR filters designed in MATLABs Filter Design Toolbox exhibit superior stability compared to the Signal Processing Toolbox. Learn key design techni

Expert Answer

Kshitij Singh answered . 2025-07-30 14:16:51

The behavior observed is an expected behavior. This is a result of using the Transfer Function versus the Zeros and Poles of the filter generated by the BUTTER function in the Signal Processing Toolbox. They are identical mathematically but numerically the Zeros and Poles are more stable.

This limitation is mentioned in the documentation for the BUTTER function in Signal Processing Toolbox 6.9 (R2008a).

The resolution is illustrated below:

[b,a] = butter(6 , [25e6 29e6]/500e6 , 'bandpass') % bad design 

[z, p, k] = butter(6 , [25e6 29e6]/500e6 , 'bandpass'); % good design 

[sos,g] = zp2sos(z,p,k); 

Hd = dfilt.df2tsos(sos,g); 

fvtool(b,a,Hd, 'Fs', 500e6*2)

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