Why is Gaussian filter used in image filtering? What are its advantages compared to other filters like median filter?

ritasirage43 asked: 2022-07-01 image processing, matlab

Explore the advantages of Gaussian filters in image filtering compared to median filters. Learn why Gaussian smoothing is preferred and its benefits. Read now!

Expert Answer

John Michell answered . 2025-07-31 00:19:45

A Gaussian filter is a linear filter. It's usually used to blur the image or to reduce noise. If you use two of them and subtract, you can use them for "unsharp masking" (edge detection). The Gaussian filter alone will blur edges and reduce contrast.

The Median filter is a non-linear filter that is most commonly used as a simple way to reduce noise in an image. It's claim to fame (over Gaussian for noise reduction) is that it removes noise while keeping edges relatively sharp.

I guess the one advantage a Gaussian filter has over a median filter is that it's faster because multiplying and adding is probably faster than sorting.

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