Introduction
The integration of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles, and intelligent power management has become essential for modern power systems. A PV–Grid–EV DC microgrid provides an efficient architecture for combining solar photovoltaic generation, battery energy storage, and electric vehicle charging within a unified DC framework.
This project focuses on the modeling and simulation of a PV–Grid–EV DC microgrid in MATLAB Simulink using Simscape Electrical. The system includes a solar PV array with MPPT control, a battery energy storage system (BESS) with state-of-charge management, EV charging infrastructure with bidirectional capability (V2G), and a grid interface for controlled power exchange.
Methodology
System Design: Develop a PV–Grid–EV DC microgrid architecture with a common DC bus in MATLAB Simulink (Simscape Electrical).
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PV Modeling: Model the solar PV array with a DC–DC boost converter and implement MPPT (P&O or Incremental Conductance) for maximum power extraction.
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Battery Integration: Implement a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with SOC-based charge/discharge control using a bidirectional converter.
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EV Charging Unit: Connect the EV load to the DC bus with controlled charging (optional V2G capability).
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Grid Interface: Design a grid-side inverter for bidirectional power exchange in grid-connected and islanded modes.
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Control Strategy: Apply PID (or MPC/Fuzzy) control for DC bus voltage regulation and power flow management.
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Simulation & Analysis: Test the system under varying irradiance and load conditions to evaluate voltage stability, power balance, and system performance.